Pathogens and pathogenic conditions: Potato bacterial wilt pathogens can survive the soil for a long time with the diseased residues, other susceptible hosts in the field or fertilizers that carry the bacteria. The above-mentioned wintering bacterial source has become the initial source of infection in the next year. Another more important source of initial infection is the bacteria that are lurking in the light disease seed potato, which can spread around the seed potato. Seeding the seeded potato, after the germination, with the temperature rise, the bacteria rapidly proliferate and expand, which can cause the seed potato to rot, the young bud to die or the plant to wilting in the middle and late stages. The spread of germs in the field is mainly through irrigation water, rainwater, soil cultivation and insects. When the seed potatoes are cut, the cutter can also transfer the bacteria brought by the diseased potato to the healthy seed potato. High temperature, high humidity and rain are the main factors influencing the occurrence and prevalence of bacterial wilt. Especially after the rain, the temperature is 30-37 degrees Celsius, which is most beneficial to the disease epidemic. Others such as low soil topography, soily viscosity, soil acidity or chronic disease with the Solanaceae and other host crops are also severe.
Potato bacterial wilt control measures:
1. Choose disease-free seed potatoes. Before planting the seed potatoes transferred from other provinces, pay attention to the selection of disease-free seeds. Pay special attention when cutting. If any of the bacteria seeds are found to be removed immediately, and the knife should be disinfected with 75% alcohol before continuing. use;
2. Implement a rotation. Can not be used in conjunction with or adjacent to Solanaceae vegetables or crops such as peanuts and soybeans;
3, using small pieces of healthy seed potato whole potato sowing, can avoid incision caused by cutting;
4, strengthen cultivation and disease control measures, such as cleaning the pastoral, turning the soil, appropriate lime to reduce soil acidity. Do not use soil-fertilizer that is not decomposed and may be contaminated with bacteria, increase the application of high-quality organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to prevent flooding of large water. The diseased plants are immediately removed in the field, and the amount of lime is applied to the diseased spots to prevent the spread of bacteria;
5, chemical control. The medicament should be sprayed in a preventive manner. If the diseased plant has been found in the field, the application effect will be poor. One of the following agents may be used: (1) 72% agricultural streptomycin-soluble powder 4000 times solution; (2) agricultural anti-401500 times solution; (3) lycopene copper agent 500 times solution; (4) synergistic Streptomyces 500 times liquid of the water agent; (5) 77% can kill 400-500 times of the wettable microparticle powder.
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