Different nozzle structures will result in different processing efficiencies and nozzle life. Reasonable nozzle structure will enable the abrasive to achieve high speed, thus increasing the processing efficiency and reducing the cost. From the advent of the nozzle to a long period of time, cylindrical Nozzle structure, so far, nozzle structures have been developed at home and abroad in various forms. The commonly used nozzle structure types and characteristics are shown in the following table.
1, cylindrical straight hole nozzle structure
Figure 1 is a schematic view of a cylindrical straight-hole nozzle. It has both functions of a spray gun and a nozzle. It has a simple structure and can be directly replaced by a seamless steel pipe. It can also be obtained by drilling holes in the material, but the nozzle has a short life span and is mostly used. For occasions where sandblasting is not demanding
2, cone nozzle structure
Figure 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a conical nozzle having a tapered inlet with a flow guiding action and a straight section for bundling. The abrasive enters the nozzle relatively easily, and the distribution of the abrasive on the nozzle cross section is aligned with the cylindrical nozzle. More uniform
3, venturi nozzle structure
Figure 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the venturi nozzle. Its structure is: a Venturi-shaped throat, the nozzle outlet is a micro-conical section, the outlet is slightly larger in diameter, the airflow reaches the speed of sound in the throat, and the outlet of the nozzle can be It achieves supersonic speed above 355m/s (the exit speed of general cylindrical straight-hole nozzle abrasive is only about 97m/s). This nozzle is mainly used to obtain high abrasive speed, which is more efficient than ordinary nozzle cleaning. 15%-25%, in order to prevent the nozzle from wearing too fast, the nozzle lining can be made of cemented carbide or ceramic material. To prevent clogging, the nozzle diameter should be 3-4 times the abrasive grain size.
4, special nozzle
Double-exit special blasting nozzle with complex structure, generally used in special occasions, such as sand blasting on the inner wall of the pipeline
5, combined nozzle structure
At the nozzle inlet, outlet and intermediate parts, materials with different properties are designed, and each part of the material is assembled into a nozzle by mechanical combination. As shown in FIG. 5, the combined nozzle is designed to have high hardness at the nozzle inlet and outlet portions. The main ceramic or other wear-resistant materials, the middle section of the nozzle can be designed as a metal or other material with high toughness. The combined nozzle can meet the requirements of different nozzle erosion, erosion and wear resistance at the inlet, outlet and intermediate parts of the nozzle, to a certain extent. The nozzle is improved in erosion resistance, but two or more materials need to be prepared compared to the integral structure nozzle, and related processes such as assembly are added.
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