In addition to the replacement of improved varieties, scientific fertilization can increase yield by 10 % to 30 %. Therefore, the fertilizer requirement of peanuts to clear three points: First, in common with other crop characteristics are both require a lot of elements, but also the amount of elemental need, the need to trace elements. These elements are equally important and cannot be replaced by each other. Second, peanuts differ from grain and cotton crops in that they can produce some nitrogen fertilizers with rhizobium; third, they are sensitive to elements such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, molybdenum and boron.
Peanut deficiency of nitrogen, resulting in slow vegetative growth, yellow leaves, small leaves, less pods and less full: phosphorus deficiency, peanut roots are underdeveloped, no root nodules , nitrogen fixation capacity decreased, glutinous and late maturity; potassium deficiency, leaves yellow Green, in severe cases, the top of the plant wither; sulfur deficiency, will reduce the protein content of nuts; magnesium deficiency, chlorophyll can not form normally, severe leaf whitening, leaf vein chlorosis ; reduce the number of nodules and branches in the absence of aluminum, and chlorophyll aging Boron deficiency, the main stem and side branches are short, the plant is short and clustered, and the growth point is dead in severe cases.
In order to give full play to the effect of fertilization technology on the increase of peanut production, in the measures of fertilization, it is necessary to adapt to local conditions and fertilize the seedlings.
First, we must pay attention to peanut fertilization. After the peanut is planted until the rhizobium is formed, the nutrients in the seed kernel are maintained to grow; the second is to absorb the nutrients in the soil . It is difficult to grow seedlings due to lack of fertilizer, and it inhibits the growth in the middle and late stages.
The second is to fertilize the soil. Practice has shown that the lower the fertility of the soil, the greater the increase in fertilizer application; the second is the medium fertility; the fertile soil, the yield increase effect is not obvious. Therefore, peanut fertilization should be applied to fertilizer in soil with poor fertility.
The third is to mix the fertilizer. The peanuts per acre can be mixed with 0.2 kg of peanut rhizobium and mixed with 2.5 to 10 g of molybdic acid. It can also be mixed with 0.4 to 1 g of boric acid per kg of seeds . Wet, then mix the seeds per acre with 1.0 to 1.5 kg of gypsum . These seed dressing methods can supplement the fertilizer in time to promote the growth of peanut seedlings. All localities can be selected and applied in conjunction with local conditions.
The fourth is to fertilize the seedlings. According to research, the ratio of peanuts to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1.0 : 0.18 : 0.48 . Seedling fertilizer requirement less; anthesis fertilizer total amount of fertilizer needed to be about 25%: the pod of the total amount of fertilizer required for an 50 to 60% of the fertilizer. In this regard, in the application of fertilizer, the first is the general application of fertilizer. Decomposition of organic fertilizer applied per acre of about 1500 kg, with 15 to 20 kg P fertilizer, poor soil fertility adding urea 5 kg; two before flowering, decomposition of organic fertilizer applied per acre from 500 to 1000 kg of urea 4-5 kg, superphosphate 10 kg, administered in combination cultivator the earth; Third, early flowering per acre Huimanfeng activity against 150 ml of liquid fertilizer spraying 50 kg of water, to promote increased branching pods, improved fruit full rate had a significant effect; Fourth of pod may be spray applied to 0.2 to 0.3% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% urea solution, to receive the effect of increasing nitrogen phosphorus supplement.
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