The combination of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer complements each other, but if the compatibility is unreasonable, it will result in both injuries and damage.
First, the benefits of organic fertilizer and fertilizer mixed application
1, take advantage of the long complement, fertilize the soil. Fertilizer has a single nutrient, high content and fast fertilizer efficiency, but its duration is short; organic fertilizer has complete nutrient content and long-lasting fertilizer effect, which can improve soil and fertilize soil fertility. The combination of the two can be used to complement each other, to fully supply the nutrients needed for crop growth, to promote the robust growth of crops, and to increase the yield-increasing benefits.
2, save nutrients, reduce loss. The chemical fertilizer dissolves quickly and has a high solubility. After being applied to the soil, the concentration of the soil solution will increase rapidly, resulting in higher osmotic pressure, affecting the absorption of nutrients and water by the crop, and increasing the loss of nutrients and opportunities. The combination of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer can overcome the sudden increase of soil solution. At the same time, organic fertilizer can improve the nutrient absorption condition of crops, improve soil water storage and fertilizer retention capacity, prevent and reduce the loss of chemical fertilizer nutrients, and improve fertilizer utilization.
3. Reduce nutrient fixation and improve fertilizer efficiency. After the fertilizer is applied to the soil, some nutrients will be absorbed by the soil, blended or fixed, and the fertilizer efficiency will be reduced. For example, superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate are directly applied to the soil, and are easily combined with iron, aluminum, calcium and other elements in the soil to form a poorly soluble phosphate and fixed, resulting in effective nutrient loss. If mixed with organic fertilizer, it can not only reduce the contact with the soil, reduce the fixation opportunities of soil and fertilizer, but also convert the insoluble phosphorus in the phosphate fertilizer into the effective phosphorus that the crop can use, and improve the fertilizer efficiency of the phosphate fertilizer.
4. Improve soil structure and promote continuous production increase. Long-term single application of chemical fertilizers will destroy the agglomerate structure of the soil, causing soil stickiness and compaction, reducing tillage performance and fertilizer performance. Organic fertilizer is rich in organic matter, which can activate loose soil and reduce capacity; it can improve soil physical and chemical properties such as water, fertilizer, gas and heat; and adjust pH. The combination of the two can not only increase production, but also promote the sustainable development of agriculture.
5. Promote microbial activity and increase soil nutrients. Organic fertilizer is the energy of microbial life. Fertilizer is the inorganic nutrient for microbial growth. The combination of the two promotes microbial activities, which promotes the decomposition of organic fertilizer, produces a large amount of carbon dioxide and organic acids, helps dissolve the poorly soluble nutrients in the soil, and supplies the crops with absorption. . Carbon dioxide can increase the carbon nutrition of crops and improve photosynthetic efficiency. The microbial life is short-lived, and after the death, it decomposes and releases nutrients for the crop to absorb and utilize.
2. Organic fertilizers and fertilizers suitable for mixed application
1. Manure, compost and mixed with superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate. The application of superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer with manure, compost, manure and mixed heap not only reduces the contact surface of phosphate fertilizer with soil, but also avoids the fixation of phosphate ions by soil, and the various organic acids formed by the decomposition of organic fertilizer can promote Phosphorus fixed by the soil is released for crop absorption, and the fertilizer efficiency can be increased by one third.
2. Manure, compost and mixed application of ammonium bicarbonate and urea. Adding 0.5~1% ammonium bicarbonate (or acid) and human excrement to manure and compost is beneficial to microbial reproduction and activity, promoting the decomposing of organic fertilizer and releasing various nutrients, and providing abundant nutrients for crops.
3, human excrement and superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer mixed application. Excessive amount of ammonium carbonate in the decomposed manure, single application of volatile loss, mixed with superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, chemical reaction can form stable ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, which reduces nitrogen in human manure urea The loss of hormones has increased phosphorus nutrition. With phosphorus and nitrogen, the fertilizer efficiency is greatly increased.
4. Human feces and urine are mixed with ferrous sulfate. The addition of 0.5% ferrous sulfate to human excrement can convert the highly volatile ammonium carbonate in human excrement into a stable ammonium sulfate, which can protect the fertilizer from deodorization and prevent the loss of nitrogen.
3. Farmhouse fertilizers and fertilizers that are not suitable for mixed application
1. Unfertilized farmyard manure cannot be mixed with nitrate nitrogen fertilizer. If mixed, the denitrifying bacteria in the farmyard fertilizer will denitrify the nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, produce nitrite, cause nitrogen loss and reduce crop quality.
2. The grass ash cannot be mixed with the nitrogen fertilizer. The grass ash is an alkaline fertilizer. If it is mixed with an acid nitrogen fertilizer such as ammonia nitrogen or nitrate nitrogen, a neutralization decomposition reaction occurs, releasing ammonia gas to volatilize, causing nitrogen loss and reducing fertilizer efficiency.
3. Grass ash cannot be mixed with superphosphate. The vegetation ash contains more calcium. If it is mixed with superphosphate, it will produce insoluble calcium phosphate, so that the phosphorus is fixed and the crop cannot be directly absorbed and utilized.
4, grass ash can not be mixed with manure, compost, human excrement. Grass ash is generally applied as potash and is alkaline. If it is mixed with manure, compost, human excrement, it will accelerate the loss of nitrogen in the form of ammonia.
First, the benefits of organic fertilizer and fertilizer mixed application
1, take advantage of the long complement, fertilize the soil. Fertilizer has a single nutrient, high content and fast fertilizer efficiency, but its duration is short; organic fertilizer has complete nutrient content and long-lasting fertilizer effect, which can improve soil and fertilize soil fertility. The combination of the two can be used to complement each other, to fully supply the nutrients needed for crop growth, to promote the robust growth of crops, and to increase the yield-increasing benefits.
2, save nutrients, reduce loss. The chemical fertilizer dissolves quickly and has a high solubility. After being applied to the soil, the concentration of the soil solution will increase rapidly, resulting in higher osmotic pressure, affecting the absorption of nutrients and water by the crop, and increasing the loss of nutrients and opportunities. The combination of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer can overcome the sudden increase of soil solution. At the same time, organic fertilizer can improve the nutrient absorption condition of crops, improve soil water storage and fertilizer retention capacity, prevent and reduce the loss of chemical fertilizer nutrients, and improve fertilizer utilization.
3. Reduce nutrient fixation and improve fertilizer efficiency. After the fertilizer is applied to the soil, some nutrients will be absorbed by the soil, blended or fixed, and the fertilizer efficiency will be reduced. For example, superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate are directly applied to the soil, and are easily combined with iron, aluminum, calcium and other elements in the soil to form a poorly soluble phosphate and fixed, resulting in effective nutrient loss. If mixed with organic fertilizer, it can not only reduce the contact with the soil, reduce the fixation opportunities of soil and fertilizer, but also convert the insoluble phosphorus in the phosphate fertilizer into the effective phosphorus that the crop can use, and improve the fertilizer efficiency of the phosphate fertilizer.
4. Improve soil structure and promote continuous production increase. Long-term single application of chemical fertilizers will destroy the agglomerate structure of the soil, causing soil stickiness and compaction, reducing tillage performance and fertilizer performance. Organic fertilizer is rich in organic matter, which can activate loose soil and reduce capacity; it can improve soil physical and chemical properties such as water, fertilizer, gas and heat; and adjust pH. The combination of the two can not only increase production, but also promote the sustainable development of agriculture.
5. Promote microbial activity and increase soil nutrients. Organic fertilizer is the energy of microbial life. Fertilizer is the inorganic nutrient for microbial growth. The combination of the two promotes microbial activities, which promotes the decomposition of organic fertilizer, produces a large amount of carbon dioxide and organic acids, helps dissolve the poorly soluble nutrients in the soil, and supplies the crops with absorption. . Carbon dioxide can increase the carbon nutrition of crops and improve photosynthetic efficiency. The microbial life is short-lived, and after the death, it decomposes and releases nutrients for the crop to absorb and utilize.
2. Organic fertilizers and fertilizers suitable for mixed application
1. Manure, compost and mixed with superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate. The application of superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer with manure, compost, manure and mixed heap not only reduces the contact surface of phosphate fertilizer with soil, but also avoids the fixation of phosphate ions by soil, and the various organic acids formed by the decomposition of organic fertilizer can promote Phosphorus fixed by the soil is released for crop absorption, and the fertilizer efficiency can be increased by one third.
2. Manure, compost and mixed application of ammonium bicarbonate and urea. Adding 0.5~1% ammonium bicarbonate (or acid) and human excrement to manure and compost is beneficial to microbial reproduction and activity, promoting the decomposing of organic fertilizer and releasing various nutrients, and providing abundant nutrients for crops.
3, human excrement and superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer mixed application. Excessive amount of ammonium carbonate in the decomposed manure, single application of volatile loss, mixed with superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, chemical reaction can form stable ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, which reduces nitrogen in human manure urea The loss of hormones has increased phosphorus nutrition. With phosphorus and nitrogen, the fertilizer efficiency is greatly increased.
4. Human feces and urine are mixed with ferrous sulfate. The addition of 0.5% ferrous sulfate to human excrement can convert the highly volatile ammonium carbonate in human excrement into a stable ammonium sulfate, which can protect the fertilizer from deodorization and prevent the loss of nitrogen.
3. Farmhouse fertilizers and fertilizers that are not suitable for mixed application
1. Unfertilized farmyard manure cannot be mixed with nitrate nitrogen fertilizer. If mixed, the denitrifying bacteria in the farmyard fertilizer will denitrify the nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, produce nitrite, cause nitrogen loss and reduce crop quality.
2. The grass ash cannot be mixed with the nitrogen fertilizer. The grass ash is an alkaline fertilizer. If it is mixed with an acid nitrogen fertilizer such as ammonia nitrogen or nitrate nitrogen, a neutralization decomposition reaction occurs, releasing ammonia gas to volatilize, causing nitrogen loss and reducing fertilizer efficiency.
3. Grass ash cannot be mixed with superphosphate. The vegetation ash contains more calcium. If it is mixed with superphosphate, it will produce insoluble calcium phosphate, so that the phosphorus is fixed and the crop cannot be directly absorbed and utilized.
4, grass ash can not be mixed with manure, compost, human excrement. Grass ash is generally applied as potash and is alkaline. If it is mixed with manure, compost, human excrement, it will accelerate the loss of nitrogen in the form of ammonia.
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