On July 7th, you will enter the summer heat season. The heat is hot. The time from the small heat to the heat will be the hottest season of the year. Before and after the summer, the precipitation in the vast areas of the north increased significantly, and the rainfall was relatively concentrated; South China, Southwest China, and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were also in the monsoon rainy season; while the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River often experienced drought, which had a great impact on agriculture, early water storage and drought prevention. Very important. The current thunderstorm is the precipitation brought by tropical storms. Although it is beneficial to the growth of crops such as rice, it also adversely affects cash crops such as cotton, soybeans and vegetables.
During this period, agricultural production was mainly busy in field management. The mid-season rice has been jointed and entered the booting stage, and the panicle fertilizer should be applied according to the growth trend. The single-season late rice is being divided, and the tiller should be applied as soon as possible. Late seedlings should be applied to “give the marry fertilizer†5 to 7 days before planting; “the heat of the small summer is hot, and the cotton pruning cannot be put on holdâ€. Most cotton in the cotton area is about to bloom and ring the bell. It is necessary to reapply the topdressing in the flowering and bolling period, and to pruning, snoring and removing the old leaves in time to coordinate the nutrient distribution in the cotton plants, enhance ventilation and light transmission, improve the microclimate of the group, and reduce The bud bell fell off.
The flowering and boll period is the most prosperous period of cotton growth. It requires more fertilizer, more nitrogen and stronger intensity. The nitrogen uptake during this period accounts for 60%. Phosphorus and potassium are also required to account for more than half of the mature period from ringing to boll opening. At the same time, the contradiction between group birth and individual fertility often occurs during flowering and bolling. High-yield cotton should pay attention to water and nitrogen management, reduce flower and bell fall off, and do To the high-yield characteristics of peaches, vulcanes, and autumn peach tops, the principle of reapplying flower bells and toppings is proposed in topdressing.
The topdressing in the flowering and boll period is mainly to add an appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer (such as 10 to 15 kg/mu of urea). However, in the case of potassium-deficient soil or base fertilizer without applying potassium fertilizer, this time, 5 kg of potassium chloride should be added. At this time, chasing potassium can promote the increase of cotton bolls; especially for plots where insect-resistant cotton varieties are planted, the amount of potash is higher than that of ordinary varieties.
The application method of top dressing should be mixed with fertilizer and timely watering. Urea should not be applied to avoid loss of volatilization or fumigation of cotton leaves. In production, urea is often sprinkled on the surface, such as rain, neither covering soil nor timely irrigation. This method of application is unscientific; in addition, for high-yield and super-high-yield cotton fields, if the growth momentum is weakened or automatically capped in the late cotton boll, It is also necessary to add 5 to 8 kg/mu of urea in time to prevent the early decline of cotton plants and fight for autumn peaches.
Cotton topdressing should be adapted to local conditions. For the characteristics of different cotton-producing areas in China, the principles of topdressing application are as follows:
1. In the Huanghuai sponge area, the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer in the Huanghuai sponge area is generally high, the effect of increasing fertilizer production is decreased, and the application of organic fertilizer is insufficient, and the deficiency of trace elements such as boron and zinc occurs, so it is necessary to master the topdressing of high-yield cotton. In Sheng Lei - the first flower to chase the first fat, the flower bell to chase the second fat, and the essentials of fat in the autumn. The principle is: 15% to 20% of nitrogen fertilizer is used in the full flowering period, and the potassium fertilizer is used in the early stage (the initial flowering period); for the weaker cotton field, combined with the application of mixed spraying 0.5% to 1.0% urea and 0.3% to 0.5% phosphoric acid. The potassium dihydrogen solution is 50 to 75 kg/time, sprayed once every 7 to 10 days, and continuously sprayed 2 to 3 times.
2. 25% to 30% of cotton nitrogen fertilizer in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is used as top dressing in the flowering period, 15% to 20% is used as the top dressing in the boll period; for the weaker cotton field, 0.5% to 1.0% urea and 0.3% are sprayed. 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 50-75 kg / time, spray once every 7 to 10 days, continuous spraying 2 to 3 times.
3, Xinjiang cotton area in the application of topdressing, featuring integrated regulation of water and fertilizer. In the ground irrigated cotton field, 20% to 25% of the nitrogen fertilizer is used in the flowering period; the cotton field is drip-irrigated under the membrane, and the water is applied according to the growth of the cotton. However, the amount of fertilizer per time does not exceed 2 kg / mu (pure nutrient content).
During this period, agricultural production was mainly busy in field management. The mid-season rice has been jointed and entered the booting stage, and the panicle fertilizer should be applied according to the growth trend. The single-season late rice is being divided, and the tiller should be applied as soon as possible. Late seedlings should be applied to “give the marry fertilizer†5 to 7 days before planting; “the heat of the small summer is hot, and the cotton pruning cannot be put on holdâ€. Most cotton in the cotton area is about to bloom and ring the bell. It is necessary to reapply the topdressing in the flowering and bolling period, and to pruning, snoring and removing the old leaves in time to coordinate the nutrient distribution in the cotton plants, enhance ventilation and light transmission, improve the microclimate of the group, and reduce The bud bell fell off.
The flowering and boll period is the most prosperous period of cotton growth. It requires more fertilizer, more nitrogen and stronger intensity. The nitrogen uptake during this period accounts for 60%. Phosphorus and potassium are also required to account for more than half of the mature period from ringing to boll opening. At the same time, the contradiction between group birth and individual fertility often occurs during flowering and bolling. High-yield cotton should pay attention to water and nitrogen management, reduce flower and bell fall off, and do To the high-yield characteristics of peaches, vulcanes, and autumn peach tops, the principle of reapplying flower bells and toppings is proposed in topdressing.
The topdressing in the flowering and boll period is mainly to add an appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer (such as 10 to 15 kg/mu of urea). However, in the case of potassium-deficient soil or base fertilizer without applying potassium fertilizer, this time, 5 kg of potassium chloride should be added. At this time, chasing potassium can promote the increase of cotton bolls; especially for plots where insect-resistant cotton varieties are planted, the amount of potash is higher than that of ordinary varieties.
The application method of top dressing should be mixed with fertilizer and timely watering. Urea should not be applied to avoid loss of volatilization or fumigation of cotton leaves. In production, urea is often sprinkled on the surface, such as rain, neither covering soil nor timely irrigation. This method of application is unscientific; in addition, for high-yield and super-high-yield cotton fields, if the growth momentum is weakened or automatically capped in the late cotton boll, It is also necessary to add 5 to 8 kg/mu of urea in time to prevent the early decline of cotton plants and fight for autumn peaches.
Cotton topdressing should be adapted to local conditions. For the characteristics of different cotton-producing areas in China, the principles of topdressing application are as follows:
1. In the Huanghuai sponge area, the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer in the Huanghuai sponge area is generally high, the effect of increasing fertilizer production is decreased, and the application of organic fertilizer is insufficient, and the deficiency of trace elements such as boron and zinc occurs, so it is necessary to master the topdressing of high-yield cotton. In Sheng Lei - the first flower to chase the first fat, the flower bell to chase the second fat, and the essentials of fat in the autumn. The principle is: 15% to 20% of nitrogen fertilizer is used in the full flowering period, and the potassium fertilizer is used in the early stage (the initial flowering period); for the weaker cotton field, combined with the application of mixed spraying 0.5% to 1.0% urea and 0.3% to 0.5% phosphoric acid. The potassium dihydrogen solution is 50 to 75 kg/time, sprayed once every 7 to 10 days, and continuously sprayed 2 to 3 times.
2. 25% to 30% of cotton nitrogen fertilizer in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is used as top dressing in the flowering period, 15% to 20% is used as the top dressing in the boll period; for the weaker cotton field, 0.5% to 1.0% urea and 0.3% are sprayed. 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 50-75 kg / time, spray once every 7 to 10 days, continuous spraying 2 to 3 times.
3, Xinjiang cotton area in the application of topdressing, featuring integrated regulation of water and fertilizer. In the ground irrigated cotton field, 20% to 25% of the nitrogen fertilizer is used in the flowering period; the cotton field is drip-irrigated under the membrane, and the water is applied according to the growth of the cotton. However, the amount of fertilizer per time does not exceed 2 kg / mu (pure nutrient content).
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