There are 16 kinds of nutrients for plant growth, namely nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium, magnesium, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, boron, iron, molybdenum, copper, zinc, manganese, chlorine, except for hydrocarbons from the air. Absorption, the rest need to be fertilized to meet the needs of normal crop growth. Among them, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are a large number of elements, sulfur, calcium and magnesium are medium-sized elements, and the rest are trace elements. In addition, there are some beneficial element fertilizers such as silicon-containing fertilizers. Although the amount of plant requirements for these elements varies widely, the effects on plant growth and development are equally important and cannot be substituted for each other.
Nitrogen fertilizer: a fertilizer containing nitrogen nutrients as the main component, including ammonium bicarbonate, urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonia, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, and the like.
Phosphate fertilizer: Fertilizer with phosphorus nutrient as the main component, including general calcium phosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.
Potassium fertilizer: a chemical fertilizer containing potassium nutrients as the main component, the main varieties are potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate and the like.
Compound and mixed fertilizer: that is, the compound contains two kinds of fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), two kinds of complex fertilizers, mixed fertilizers and three-component complex fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Among them, the mixed fertilizer is widely promoted throughout the country.
Trace element fertilizers and some medium-quantity element fertilizers: the former is a fertilizer containing trace elements such as boron, zinc, iron, molybdenum, manganese, and copper, and the latter is a fertilizer such as calcium, magnesium, and sulfur.
At present, the market-distributed fertilizers are mainly nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and there are many varieties of each fertilizer. The main nitrogen fertilizers are: urea, ammonium bicarbonate (ammonium bicarbonate), ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, as well as ammonia water, lime nitrogen, etc., which are also nitrogen fertilizers, but they are currently used less. Calcium nitrate is used both as a nitrogen fertilizer and as a calcium fertilizer.
The main phosphate fertilizer varieties are: superphosphate (calcium), heavy superphosphate (heavy calcium, also known as double material, three-material superphosphate), calcium magnesium phosphate; in addition, phosphate rock, steel slag phosphate, defluorinated phosphate, bone meal It is also a phosphate fertilizer, but it is currently used in small amounts.
The main potash varieties are potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, kiln ash potassium fertilizer and grass ash. Among them, potassium sulfate and potassium chloride are relatively pure, and most rely on imports.
There are many varieties of trace element fertilizers. The most commonly used boron fertilizer is borax, zinc fertilizer is zinc sulfate, manganese fertilizer is manganese sulfate, molybdenum fertilizer is ammonium molybdate, copper fertilizer is copper sulfate, iron fertilizer is ferrous sulfate and some organic State iron complex.
Commonly used sulfur fertilizer varieties are: superphosphate, gypsum, sulfur powder, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, sulfur coated urea and sulfur-containing compound fertilizer.
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