First, the basic knowledge of scrap steel
1. Scrap steel defines scrap steel: scrap steel that is recycled or damaged during production and life; it is a general term for ferrous metal scrap in metal recycling, including scrap, scrap iron, metallurgical waste, oxidized waste, etc. The situation is different, but there are various shapes, the performance is basically the same as the material that produces such scrap, but it is also affected by aging, effectiveness (corrosion generated by long-term accumulation), fatigue (processed finished products with the year) The influence of factors such as the change in elements caused by monthly growth), while the performance is reduced;
The popular understanding is: the steel scrap that does not become a product in the production process of the steel mill (such as trimming, cutting, etc.) and the steel materials in the equipment and components that are scrapped after use. The steel is called scrap; the composition is scrapped from pig iron. Iron, collectively referred to as scrap steel, the total amount of scrap produced in the world is 300-400 million tons per year, accounting for 45-50% of the total steel output, of which 85-90% is used as raw material for steelmaking, and 10-15% is used for casting. Ironmaking and recycled steel.
1. Scrap iron: The carbon content of scrap iron is generally greater than 2.0%. The sulfur content (mass fraction) and phosphorus content (mass fraction) of high-quality scrap iron are not more than 0.070% and 0.40%, respectively. The sulfur content (mass fraction) and phosphorus content (mass fraction) of ordinary scrap steel and alloy scrap iron are not more than 0.12% and 1.00%, respectively. The iron content of the blast furnace additive should not be less than 65.0%. 2. Scrap: The carbon content of scrap is generally less than 2.0%, and the sulfur content is not more than 0.050%. The residual elements in the non-alloy scrap should meet the following requirements: the mass fraction of nickel is not more than 0.30%, the mass fraction of chromium is not more than 0.30%, and the mass fraction of copper is not more than 0.30%. Except for manganese and silicon, the sum of other residual elements (mass fraction) is not more than 0.60%.
2. The main source of scrap steel The geographical distribution of scrap steel resources in China is not balanced. More than 80% of the scrap steel resources in the country are distributed in the northeast (Liao, Hei) North China (Jing, Tianjin, Tang, Jin) East China (Jiangsu, Shanghai, Lu) The 12 industrial and mining enterprises in Hubei, Sichuan and Guangdong are relatively concentrated and densely populated provinces and cities; in other regions, due to poor geographical conditions and small population, the generated scrap resources are less than 20%.
I. Social recycling: It is mainly from the elimination of people's lives, and the quality is poor. It is generally classified as medium waste or below.
Second, industrial recycling: mainly from the cutting edge of the factory production, excellent quality, generally divided into heavy waste, fine furnace materials, high-quality scrap steel, washed scrap steel, premium, pure scrap.
3. Imports: China's annual demand for scrap steel is around 80 million tons, and it is increasing. The normal level of imported scrap accounts for 5-6% of the total amount, but the price changes have a certain influence on the domestic market. Imports mainly come from the United States, Japan, and the United States mainly provides HMS# No. 1 scrap, crushed materials, and high-quality scrap.
Japan mainly provides HS scrap, H1 scrap, H2 scrap, H1:H2 (50:50) mixed scrap. The main competitors of imported scrap: Turkey, South Korea.
The scrap steel has the characteristics of different types, different weights, and different lengths. The scrap supply department must process the scrap steel of different types and specifications according to the steelmaking production requirements. . At the same time of processing, the profiles and steel plates that can be directly used are selected, and after being cut and gas-cut, they are used as direct production materials, thereby improving the utilization value of scrap steel and making the best use of the materials. Factory scrap and social scrap will be picked and processed by steel enterprises or distributors. At present, China's scrap steel processing, generally using manual sorting, oxygen cutting, shearing, crushing and packing briquetting.
General rules of the industry:
> Scrap steel above 6mm is positioned as heavy waste,
> Scrap steel above 4mm is positioned as medium waste,
> Scrap steel above 2mm is positioned as small waste,
<2mm or less of scrap steel is positioned as a material.
<1mm scrap is positioned as light and thin
Domestic and foreign scrap standard comparison
Chinese market: heavy waste = 6mm, medium waste = 4mm
US market: HMS1=6mmHMS2=4mm
European market: E1=6mmE2=4mm
Japanese market: remelting HS1=6mm remelting HS2=4mm
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