Status of waste plastics:
In the existing municipal solid waste, the proportion of plastics has reached 15%-20%, and most of them are disposable plastic packaging products. The disposal of plastic waste is not only a problem in the plastics industry, but has now become a widespread concern of the international community.
In order to meet the needs of protecting the global environment, the world's plastics processing industry has developed many new environmental technologies. In terms of resource conservation, it mainly improves the product's ageing performance, prolongs life, multi-functionality, and appropriate product design. In terms of resource recycling, it mainly studies high-efficiency sorting of plastic waste, separation technology, high-efficiency melt recycling technology, Chemical recycling technology, fully biodegradable materials, water-soluble materials, edible films; in the reduction technology, mainly research on waste plastic compression and volume reduction technology, film bag container technology, under the premise of ensuring application performance, try to Thinning technology; in the development of CFC substitutes, mainly research on carbon dioxide foaming technology; in the research of alternatives, mainly to develop PVC and PVDC substitutes.
Approach:
Landfill treatment
Plastic products are generally light and non-corrosive, which can result in landfills becoming soft foundations that are difficult to use in the future.
2. Incineration treatment
Plastics generate a large amount of heat, which is easy to damage the furnace. In addition, the gas generated after incineration will promote the warming of the earth. Some plastics will release harmful gases and pollute the atmosphere when incinerated.
3. Recovery heat method
Most of the plastics are made from petroleum. The main component is hydrocarbons, which can be burned. For example, polystyrene burns more heat than dye oil. Some experts believe that the plastic waste can be sent to the incinerator for combustion, which can provide heat for heating or power generation. Because 86% of the petroleum dyes are directly burned, only 4% of them are made of plastic products. When the plastics are used up, they are sent to the heat. It is normal to burn off. The use of heat is one of the last methods of plastic recycling. It should not be underestimated. But many environmental groups are opposed to burning plastics. They believe that the incineration method will burn all the messy chemicals and produce toxic gases. For example, half of the PVC component is chlorine, and the chlorine gas emitted during combustion has a strong erosion and destructive power, and is the culprit causing evil.
4. Classification and recovery method
As a plastic recycling, the most important thing is to classify. Common plastics are polystyrene, polypropylene, low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyurethane, etc. The difference between these plastics is difficult to distinguish. Most of the current plastic classification work is done manually. Recently, there has been a new research progress in machine classification. A German chemical technology association invented the use of infrared rays to identify categories, which are both fast and accurate, but with high sorting costs.
5. Hydrogenation method
Many experts believe that hydrogenation can be used to treat mixed plastic products. The mixed plastic chips are placed in a hydrogen reactor and subjected to a specific temperature and pressure to produce raw materials such as synthetic crude oil and gas. This treatment can be used to treat polyvinyl chloride waste, which has the advantage of not producing toxic dioxins and chlorine. In this way, mixed plastic articles are processed, and 60%-80> of the components can be refined into synthetic crude oil according to different plastic components. In a joint research report, three chemical companies such as BASF in Germany pointed out that hydrogenation is the best way of pyrolysis, and the synthesized crude oil is good in quality and can be used for refining.
6. Chemical reduction method
Researchers began to try to extract the chemical components of the plastic for reuse. The process used is to cut off the long chain of the polymer and restore its original properties. The cracked material can be used to make new plastics. Some methods involve the chemical cracking of the combined carbon atoms by the addition of chemical elements, or the addition of energy to cause their thermal cracking.
Bayer AG has developed a hydrolyzed chemical reduction method to crack PUC sponge mats. Tests have shown that chemical reduction is technically feasible, but it can only be used to treat clean plastics, such as corner powders and other plastic waste produced during manufacturing. Plastics contaminated with other contaminants used in the home are difficult to treat by chemical decomposition. The application of this reduction method will not use the hydrolysis method to treat waste in the 21st century. Some new chemical decomposition methods are still in the process of research, and Ford Motor Company of the United States is currently applying ester hydrolysis to the treatment of automotive waste plastic parts.
The US-based Rendezvous Institute of Technology has developed a solution that decomposes plastic waste, heating this patent-pending solution with six different types of plastics that are mixed together. Six different polymers can be extracted at different temperatures. In the experiment, the polystyrene plastic chips and related solutions were mixed into a dissolved state at room temperature, sent to a sealed container for heating, and then sent to a lower pressure "flash chamber", and the solution evaporates quickly ( Recycling is done again, and the rest is pure polystyrene that can be reused.
It is said that the purification unit used in the study can purify 1 kg of polymer per hour. The New York State Government and Niagara Mohawk Power Company are planning to team up to build a small pilot plant. Investors claim that after the plant is completed, 4 tons of polymer raw materials can be recovered per hour. Its cost is only 30% of the raw materials produced, and it has very obvious commercial value.
Heat sink is a vital component that helps to dissipate heat from electronic devices. These devices generate heat as they operate, which can damage the internal components and cause malfunctions. In this article, we will explore what heat sinks are, how they work, and why they are important.
What is a heat sink?
A heat sink is a hardware device that is used to regulate the temperature of electronic components by dissipating heat. It is usually made out of an aluminum or copper plate with fins, which help to increase the surface area and improve the efficiency of heat transfer. Heat sinks are commonly used in electronic devices such as computers, power supplies, and mobile phones.
How do heat sinks work?
The purpose of a heat sink is to transfer heat from an electronic component to the surrounding environment. When electronic components such as CPUs or GPUs become hot, the heat is transferred to the metal plate of the heat sink. The heat sink then uses its fins to increase the surface area for the transfer of heat to the air. As the air flows over the fins, it absorbs the heat and carries it away, thus cooling the electronic component.
Why are heat sinks important?
Heat sinks play a significant role in ensuring that electronic devices function correctly and have an extended lifespan. Here are a few key reasons why heat sinks are important:
-
Improved performance: When electronic components become too hot, they can malfunction or slow down. Heat sinks help to regulate the temperature of these components, allowing them to operate at their full potential.
-
Extended lifespan: Overheating can cause damage to electronic components, leading to a shortened lifespan. Heat sinks help to prevent this by ensuring that the components are kept within their safe temperature range.
-
Reliability: By preventing excessive overheating, heat sinks contribute to the overall reliability of electronic devices, reducing the risk of malfunctions and failures.
In summary, heat sinks are an essential component of electronic devices that help to regulate the temperature of electronic components. They improve performance, extend the lifespan of devices, and contribute to their overall reliability. Regular maintenance, cleaning, and replacement of damaged heat sinks are crucial for ensuring the optimal functioning of electronic devices.
Vrm Heatsink,Aluminum Heat Sink,Copper Heat Sink,Heat Sink Price
Lizhi Precision Manufacturing Technology Co.,Ltd , https://www.lizhihardware.com