Garlic is one of the main cash crops planted by farmers' friends in recent years. However, due to the long continuous cultivation time, improper fertilization and poor control of pests and diseases, the anti-reverse performance of garlic is gradually reduced, resulting in reduced production and reduced income. In order to guide the high-yield production of garlic in the agricultural science of garlic, the garlic formula fertilization technology and the prevention and control points of pests and diseases will be summarized as follows:
Selection and preparation of special fertilizer for garlic
1. Selection and preparation of base fertilizer. Before planting, the base fertilizer can be applied to the garlic according to the following criteria: (1) organic fertilizer (slag fertilizer, pig or cow manure to be fermented and cooked) 60 to loo or cake fertilizer 50 kg; (2) ammonium bicarbonate 50 kg; 3) 50 kg of superphosphate; (4) 15 kg of potassium chloride; (5) 1.5 kg of zinc sulfate. (The base fertilizer selected above can be applied alone before sowing, or mixed with organic fertilizer). In addition, each acre of garlic can also use nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, each containing 15% of three-element compound fertilizer 60 to 65 kg for the base fertilizer before sowing. Applying the base fertilizer according to the above method can promote the development of garlic root system and improve the anti-reverse function of garlic.
2. Selection and preparation of top dressing in seedling stage. When garlic grows 3 to 4 true leaves, in addition to 8 to 10 kg of topdressing urea per acre, you can also choose 200 g of potassium dihydrogen sulfate, or 250 g of zinc sulfate, or 50 g of green Fenway, or pine green. St. 40 grams, or Tianke foliar fertilizer 200 grams (the above-mentioned foliar fertilizer can be any one of them) 60 kg of water sprayed in the early, middle and late stages of garlic growth, can promote garlic precocity and Improve the yield and quality of garlic products.
Control measures for garlic pests and weeds
Agricultural control: 1. Planting garlic should choose a field with a leeward sun; 2. The field of the garlic should be rotated and deep-turned; 3. Do not apply partial nitrogen fertilizer, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; 4. Fertilizer should be applied in depth (20 to 30 cm is preferred); The kneading surface should be narrow (150 to 2 oo cm is appropriate), and the ditches should be deep (20 cm is appropriate) to prevent the occurrence of diseases caused by waterlogging in the field.
Control of seed dressing: Before planting, 150 grams of fungicide thiophanate can be used for every 50 kilograms of garlic seeds, or 200 grams of carbendazim, or 200 grams of mancozeb, or 200 grams of powder rust (one of the above agents can be selected) Species), after seed dressing, after 10 to 20 hours of sealing with a film, it can effectively kill various viruses carried by garlic.
Weed control in garlic field: 1. Pre-emergence weed control agent - 150 grams per herb can be applied to herbicide, or 100 grams of dur, or 400 grams of radix; Post-emergence weed control agent - 60 grams per fine acre, or 100 grams of fine grass, or 50 grams of Weiba, or 50 grams of grass. The above pre-emergence and post-emergence herbicides can be sprayed with 75 kg of water, which can prevent weeds in the field before or after the seedling of 1 mu of garlic.
Selection and preparation of special fertilizer for garlic
1. Selection and preparation of base fertilizer. Before planting, the base fertilizer can be applied to the garlic according to the following criteria: (1) organic fertilizer (slag fertilizer, pig or cow manure to be fermented and cooked) 60 to loo or cake fertilizer 50 kg; (2) ammonium bicarbonate 50 kg; 3) 50 kg of superphosphate; (4) 15 kg of potassium chloride; (5) 1.5 kg of zinc sulfate. (The base fertilizer selected above can be applied alone before sowing, or mixed with organic fertilizer). In addition, each acre of garlic can also use nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, each containing 15% of three-element compound fertilizer 60 to 65 kg for the base fertilizer before sowing. Applying the base fertilizer according to the above method can promote the development of garlic root system and improve the anti-reverse function of garlic.
2. Selection and preparation of top dressing in seedling stage. When garlic grows 3 to 4 true leaves, in addition to 8 to 10 kg of topdressing urea per acre, you can also choose 200 g of potassium dihydrogen sulfate, or 250 g of zinc sulfate, or 50 g of green Fenway, or pine green. St. 40 grams, or Tianke foliar fertilizer 200 grams (the above-mentioned foliar fertilizer can be any one of them) 60 kg of water sprayed in the early, middle and late stages of garlic growth, can promote garlic precocity and Improve the yield and quality of garlic products.
Control measures for garlic pests and weeds
Agricultural control: 1. Planting garlic should choose a field with a leeward sun; 2. The field of the garlic should be rotated and deep-turned; 3. Do not apply partial nitrogen fertilizer, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; 4. Fertilizer should be applied in depth (20 to 30 cm is preferred); The kneading surface should be narrow (150 to 2 oo cm is appropriate), and the ditches should be deep (20 cm is appropriate) to prevent the occurrence of diseases caused by waterlogging in the field.
Control of seed dressing: Before planting, 150 grams of fungicide thiophanate can be used for every 50 kilograms of garlic seeds, or 200 grams of carbendazim, or 200 grams of mancozeb, or 200 grams of powder rust (one of the above agents can be selected) Species), after seed dressing, after 10 to 20 hours of sealing with a film, it can effectively kill various viruses carried by garlic.
Weed control in garlic field: 1. Pre-emergence weed control agent - 150 grams per herb can be applied to herbicide, or 100 grams of dur, or 400 grams of radix; Post-emergence weed control agent - 60 grams per fine acre, or 100 grams of fine grass, or 50 grams of Weiba, or 50 grams of grass. The above pre-emergence and post-emergence herbicides can be sprayed with 75 kg of water, which can prevent weeds in the field before or after the seedling of 1 mu of garlic.
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