Editor's Note: Although the impact of the international financial crisis on the global shipbuilding industry still exists, Japan, South Korea and other shipbuilding powers have long focused on the future, trying to capitalize on this crisis as an opportunity to seize the commanding heights of the next round of international shipbuilding competition. A commanding height is green technology.
“Material consumption, energy consumption, and high rework rate!†Prashanth Mysore, global shipbuilding and energy industry manager at Dassault Systèmes, pointed out to reporters the three biggest problems in the shipbuilding industry. For China, the shipbuilding industry is not only one of the pillar industries of China's national economy, but also a high resource consumption industry. While creating wealth for the society, it also consumes a lot of resources and pollutes the environment.
Although China has made a series of positive developments in developing a low-consumption and economical shipbuilding economy, while the output scale has expanded rapidly, the level of resource consumption has been reduced to some extent. However, compared with Japan and South Korea’s shipbuilding industry, China The shipbuilding industry still has some problems that cannot be ignored in terms of resource consumption, and the gap with the world's advanced level is still very obvious. Taking electricity and steel consumption as an example, the average energy consumption of Japanese shipbuilding enterprises in the value of 10,000 US dollars is about 350 kWh, while most of China's shipbuilding enterprises consume more than 1,000 kWh of output value per 10,000 US dollars, about three times that of Japanese companies; Japan in 2006 South Korea consumes 0.14 tons and 0.24 tons of steel per load per ton of completed ships. China's finished ships consume 0.39 tons of steel per load, which is about 2.8 times that of Japan and 1.6 times that of South Korea. It is imperative to raise the green index of the shipbuilding industry.
Japan and South Korea wrestling green shipbuilding
Although the impact of the international financial crisis on the global shipbuilding industry still exists, Japan, South Korea and other shipbuilding powers have long focused on the future, trying to take this crisis as an opportunity to seize the commanding heights of the next round of international shipbuilding competition, and this commanding height is Green technology.
Li Yanqing, deputy director of the China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation's Economic Research Center, told reporters that one of Japan's measures to deal with this crisis is to make full use of its high-tech capabilities to promote the development of shipbuilding industry safety and environmental standards and the development of ship science and technology, especially to guide the world. In 2013, the CO2 emissions of new ships were reduced by 30%. "Occupying the future market, setting technical barriers, and maintaining technological advantages" is clearly the intention of Japan to introduce this measure.
It is understood that in recent years, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has issued a series of new international maritime standards and norms around ship safety and environmental protection, such as single-shell tanker elimination, new ship coating standard (PSPC), ballast water management. New ship design indicators for greenhouse gas emissions have become an important factor affecting the development of the shipbuilding industry and a commanding height for the international shipbuilding industry in the future. "Japan and South Korea attach great importance to the work in the field of green shipbuilding, actively participate in the formulation of new standards and new norms, and strive for greater space and advantages for future development. These new standards and new norms are transforming the technological innovation and manufacturing model of the shipbuilding industry. Fine management has put forward high requirements." Li Yanqing said, "China should accelerate the deployment of frontier competition."
The source is favored in designing industrial software
“Design in green shipbuilding is the forerunner, and the environmental awareness of the designer determines the greenness of the ship's products. Therefore, the designer must have a good environmental awareness.†Chen Chao, technical manager of PTC, said in a report. Indeed, for green shipbuilding, green design is the source. The greenness of ship products in manufacturing, operation, and scrapping and dismantling processes depends on the ship type, structure, functional redundancy, energy saving, and rational selection and utilization of materials. Green degree. Therefore, the design should take into account the performance quality of the ship products, the conservation of natural resources and the protection of the ecological environment, and establish a new green product design concept.
“Green materials, standardized and modular parts or units should be widely used in the design, taking full account of the material utilization rate in the manufacturing process. At the same time, it must also meet the ship products. After the end of the operational life, scrapping and dismantling will not cause negative impact on the environment. Impact, as well as the recycling of some materials, components and equipment; try to simplify the process, optimize the configuration, improve the operating efficiency of the entire manufacturing system, minimize the consumption of raw materials and energy; reduce the use of non-renewable resources and shortage of resources, try to use each Alternative materials and technology." Chen Chao stressed.
Of course, reducing the waste of physical prototypes and shortening the product development cycle will also help the ship's greenness. "At present, the shipbuilding industry has entered the era of innovation, and new types of ships have appeared in large numbers. The optimization of various line design schemes requires a large number of ship model experiments. How to reduce the number of experiments, reduce expenses, and shorten the cycle is an urgent problem for ship design. Yang Zhenya, general manager of fluid products at Anshi Asia Pacific, told the China Electronics News reporter.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned green design, it is not necessary to use the corresponding industrial software, such as CAD, CAE, PDM, PLM (Product Lifecycle Management). “In the aspect of 'green design' and 'green planning', virtual design software can be used to design modules through process-centric 3D design solutions, which not only reduces the consumption of raw materials in the design process, but also can be done through virtual design software. To precise maintenance, reduce the consumption of natural gas and fossil fuels," said Prashanth Mysore. Yang Zhenya told reporters that in CAE, CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) software can analyze the external flow field of the ship and solve the engineering application problems such as preliminary design and optimization design. Through numerical simulation, detailed flow details near the propeller can be obtained. Arrange the position of the propeller to increase propeller propulsion efficiency and thus improve energy efficiency. In terms of PLM, Chen Chao said that by establishing a complete enterprise-level PLM system, the accuracy and effectiveness of ship design data can be improved, the number of changes in design and manufacturing processes can be reduced, resource waste can be avoided, and multiple professions and Parallel work efficiency, shorten ship design cycle; improve ship project management level, so that design resources and management resources can operate more effectively in the project process.
However, technology always puts a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it can improve the efficiency of product research and development, on the other hand, it is also possible to increase the cost of the enterprise. After all, some advanced technologies are often sold at a high price. For enterprises to use advanced technology to improve the greenness of ships, Lin Hongshan, deputy chief engineer of Guangzhou Wenchong Shipyard Co., Ltd., told China Electronics News that the new green design technology is closely related to the economic development and environmental protection regulations. Advanced green technology already exists, but because expensive companies do not adopt it, unless policies and regulations force corporate products to meet certain environmental standards. “I don’t think anyone would be willing to spend 500,000 yuan to buy a car with environmental indicators to meet the new standards of ten years later, and more people will only be willing to spend 200,000 yuan to buy a car that meets the current environmental standards.†Lin Hongshan A simple example. It seems that how companies find a balance between technology and cost is critical.
However, in any case, the green design of the ship has become a general trend. How to use the funds subsidy and other means to promote green ship design technology through government and enterprise interaction will be a problem that the government authorities and industry associations need to think deeply.
Related Links
Key technologies for green ship design
Ship optimization design
1. Ship type optimization design. Optimize the hull structure function. If the fuel tank is moved from the double bottom to the top tank, the possibility of fuel leakage is reduced; the main scale and the profile are optimized, so that the ship can achieve the goals of energy saving, environmental protection and economic benefit in manufacturing and future operations.
2. Eliminate redundant function design. Strengthen the awareness of design and implement functional cost analysis throughout the process. Optimize and analyze the professional design of hull material specifications, ship equipment selection, piping layout, cable orientation, etc., eliminate redundant functions, and reduce manufacturing costs and resource consumption. 3. Power energy saving design. Explore new types of power sources for ships; improve propulsion efficiency; use host exhaust gases.
Improve steel utilization from design sources
1. Using the nesting function of the ship design software, reasonably adjust the hull part nesting arrangement, and the other parts such as the lining parts in the opening of the sheet metal parts to improve the utilization rate of the whole board.
2. By using the material management program in the hull design software, the appropriate residual material is retrieved from the residual material database for re- nesting, avoiding the blind use of the residual material and improving the utilization of the residual material.
Choice of green materials
1. Cabin insulation material. With the development and application of new energy-saving and environmentally-friendly thermal insulation materials such as silicon nanoporous insulation materials and polyimide foam materials, traditional cabin insulation materials will gradually be replaced.
2. Environmentally friendly welding materials. The non-plated copper solid wire has the advantages of small welding fumes and light pollution, and has greater development potential than the flux cored wire.
3. Marine paint. Such as no pollution, energy saving, high efficiency, low consumption of green paint.
“Material consumption, energy consumption, and high rework rate!†Prashanth Mysore, global shipbuilding and energy industry manager at Dassault Systèmes, pointed out to reporters the three biggest problems in the shipbuilding industry. For China, the shipbuilding industry is not only one of the pillar industries of China's national economy, but also a high resource consumption industry. While creating wealth for the society, it also consumes a lot of resources and pollutes the environment.
Although China has made a series of positive developments in developing a low-consumption and economical shipbuilding economy, while the output scale has expanded rapidly, the level of resource consumption has been reduced to some extent. However, compared with Japan and South Korea’s shipbuilding industry, China The shipbuilding industry still has some problems that cannot be ignored in terms of resource consumption, and the gap with the world's advanced level is still very obvious. Taking electricity and steel consumption as an example, the average energy consumption of Japanese shipbuilding enterprises in the value of 10,000 US dollars is about 350 kWh, while most of China's shipbuilding enterprises consume more than 1,000 kWh of output value per 10,000 US dollars, about three times that of Japanese companies; Japan in 2006 South Korea consumes 0.14 tons and 0.24 tons of steel per load per ton of completed ships. China's finished ships consume 0.39 tons of steel per load, which is about 2.8 times that of Japan and 1.6 times that of South Korea. It is imperative to raise the green index of the shipbuilding industry.
Japan and South Korea wrestling green shipbuilding
Although the impact of the international financial crisis on the global shipbuilding industry still exists, Japan, South Korea and other shipbuilding powers have long focused on the future, trying to take this crisis as an opportunity to seize the commanding heights of the next round of international shipbuilding competition, and this commanding height is Green technology.
Li Yanqing, deputy director of the China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation's Economic Research Center, told reporters that one of Japan's measures to deal with this crisis is to make full use of its high-tech capabilities to promote the development of shipbuilding industry safety and environmental standards and the development of ship science and technology, especially to guide the world. In 2013, the CO2 emissions of new ships were reduced by 30%. "Occupying the future market, setting technical barriers, and maintaining technological advantages" is clearly the intention of Japan to introduce this measure.
It is understood that in recent years, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has issued a series of new international maritime standards and norms around ship safety and environmental protection, such as single-shell tanker elimination, new ship coating standard (PSPC), ballast water management. New ship design indicators for greenhouse gas emissions have become an important factor affecting the development of the shipbuilding industry and a commanding height for the international shipbuilding industry in the future. "Japan and South Korea attach great importance to the work in the field of green shipbuilding, actively participate in the formulation of new standards and new norms, and strive for greater space and advantages for future development. These new standards and new norms are transforming the technological innovation and manufacturing model of the shipbuilding industry. Fine management has put forward high requirements." Li Yanqing said, "China should accelerate the deployment of frontier competition."
The source is favored in designing industrial software
“Design in green shipbuilding is the forerunner, and the environmental awareness of the designer determines the greenness of the ship's products. Therefore, the designer must have a good environmental awareness.†Chen Chao, technical manager of PTC, said in a report. Indeed, for green shipbuilding, green design is the source. The greenness of ship products in manufacturing, operation, and scrapping and dismantling processes depends on the ship type, structure, functional redundancy, energy saving, and rational selection and utilization of materials. Green degree. Therefore, the design should take into account the performance quality of the ship products, the conservation of natural resources and the protection of the ecological environment, and establish a new green product design concept.
“Green materials, standardized and modular parts or units should be widely used in the design, taking full account of the material utilization rate in the manufacturing process. At the same time, it must also meet the ship products. After the end of the operational life, scrapping and dismantling will not cause negative impact on the environment. Impact, as well as the recycling of some materials, components and equipment; try to simplify the process, optimize the configuration, improve the operating efficiency of the entire manufacturing system, minimize the consumption of raw materials and energy; reduce the use of non-renewable resources and shortage of resources, try to use each Alternative materials and technology." Chen Chao stressed.
Of course, reducing the waste of physical prototypes and shortening the product development cycle will also help the ship's greenness. "At present, the shipbuilding industry has entered the era of innovation, and new types of ships have appeared in large numbers. The optimization of various line design schemes requires a large number of ship model experiments. How to reduce the number of experiments, reduce expenses, and shorten the cycle is an urgent problem for ship design. Yang Zhenya, general manager of fluid products at Anshi Asia Pacific, told the China Electronics News reporter.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned green design, it is not necessary to use the corresponding industrial software, such as CAD, CAE, PDM, PLM (Product Lifecycle Management). “In the aspect of 'green design' and 'green planning', virtual design software can be used to design modules through process-centric 3D design solutions, which not only reduces the consumption of raw materials in the design process, but also can be done through virtual design software. To precise maintenance, reduce the consumption of natural gas and fossil fuels," said Prashanth Mysore. Yang Zhenya told reporters that in CAE, CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) software can analyze the external flow field of the ship and solve the engineering application problems such as preliminary design and optimization design. Through numerical simulation, detailed flow details near the propeller can be obtained. Arrange the position of the propeller to increase propeller propulsion efficiency and thus improve energy efficiency. In terms of PLM, Chen Chao said that by establishing a complete enterprise-level PLM system, the accuracy and effectiveness of ship design data can be improved, the number of changes in design and manufacturing processes can be reduced, resource waste can be avoided, and multiple professions and Parallel work efficiency, shorten ship design cycle; improve ship project management level, so that design resources and management resources can operate more effectively in the project process.
However, technology always puts a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it can improve the efficiency of product research and development, on the other hand, it is also possible to increase the cost of the enterprise. After all, some advanced technologies are often sold at a high price. For enterprises to use advanced technology to improve the greenness of ships, Lin Hongshan, deputy chief engineer of Guangzhou Wenchong Shipyard Co., Ltd., told China Electronics News that the new green design technology is closely related to the economic development and environmental protection regulations. Advanced green technology already exists, but because expensive companies do not adopt it, unless policies and regulations force corporate products to meet certain environmental standards. “I don’t think anyone would be willing to spend 500,000 yuan to buy a car with environmental indicators to meet the new standards of ten years later, and more people will only be willing to spend 200,000 yuan to buy a car that meets the current environmental standards.†Lin Hongshan A simple example. It seems that how companies find a balance between technology and cost is critical.
However, in any case, the green design of the ship has become a general trend. How to use the funds subsidy and other means to promote green ship design technology through government and enterprise interaction will be a problem that the government authorities and industry associations need to think deeply.
Related Links
Key technologies for green ship design
Ship optimization design
1. Ship type optimization design. Optimize the hull structure function. If the fuel tank is moved from the double bottom to the top tank, the possibility of fuel leakage is reduced; the main scale and the profile are optimized, so that the ship can achieve the goals of energy saving, environmental protection and economic benefit in manufacturing and future operations.
2. Eliminate redundant function design. Strengthen the awareness of design and implement functional cost analysis throughout the process. Optimize and analyze the professional design of hull material specifications, ship equipment selection, piping layout, cable orientation, etc., eliminate redundant functions, and reduce manufacturing costs and resource consumption. 3. Power energy saving design. Explore new types of power sources for ships; improve propulsion efficiency; use host exhaust gases.
Improve steel utilization from design sources
1. Using the nesting function of the ship design software, reasonably adjust the hull part nesting arrangement, and the other parts such as the lining parts in the opening of the sheet metal parts to improve the utilization rate of the whole board.
2. By using the material management program in the hull design software, the appropriate residual material is retrieved from the residual material database for re- nesting, avoiding the blind use of the residual material and improving the utilization of the residual material.
Choice of green materials
1. Cabin insulation material. With the development and application of new energy-saving and environmentally-friendly thermal insulation materials such as silicon nanoporous insulation materials and polyimide foam materials, traditional cabin insulation materials will gradually be replaced.
2. Environmentally friendly welding materials. The non-plated copper solid wire has the advantages of small welding fumes and light pollution, and has greater development potential than the flux cored wire.
3. Marine paint. Such as no pollution, energy saving, high efficiency, low consumption of green paint.
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