The non-ferrous metal industry is an important basic raw material industry in the national economy. It has many types of products, wide application fields and high industrial relevance. It plays an important role in economic and social development and national defense science and technology industry construction. The past 10 years have been the fastest-growing period for China's non-ferrous metal industry. Significant achievements have been made in terms of technical equipment, variety quality, energy conservation and emission reduction, etc., which basically meet the needs of national economic and social development, in order to further transform the industrial development mode and realize The big to strong transformation has laid a solid foundation. Since the beginning of the new century, China's non-ferrous metal industry has significantly improved its position in global competition. In 2011, the output of 10 non-ferrous metals in China reached 34.38 million tons, more than one-third of the global production in that year, ranking first in the world for 10 consecutive years; the consumption of 10 non-ferrous metals reached 37 million tons, accounting for about the global consumption of the year. About 40% of the volume, ranking first in the world for 9 consecutive years. The quality and efficiency of industrial development have been simultaneously improved. The deepening of the reform of China's non-ferrous metal industry management system has greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of various regions. Since 2001, China's non-ferrous metal industry has developed at the fastest time. By the end of 2011, the output of 10 non-ferrous metals has increased from 8.56 million tons to 34.38 million tons. The growth rate was 3 times; the sales revenue increased from 260 billion yuan to 4.3 trillion yuan, an increase of nearly 16 times; the profit increased from 7.1 billion yuan to 248.9 billion yuan, a 34-fold increase; the total assets of enterprises above designated size reached 2.5 trillion yuan, an increase 6 times. In the first 10 years of this century, China's non-ferrous metals industry's total assets grew at an average annual rate of 21.1%, including an average annual growth of 25.4% during the 11th Five-Year Plan period. Positive progress in structural adjustment based on domestic demand, strict control of total expansion, efforts to adjust and optimize the organizational structure, product structure and layout structure, and comprehensive elimination of backward production capacity for 10 years, the industrial restructuring of China's non-ferrous metal industry continued to advance and achieved Significant results. First, the regional distribution structure has been optimized to form a group of competitive industrial bases. China's non-ferrous metal industry follows the layout of productivity based on “building mines based on resources, smelting close to energy, and close to market development and processingâ€. The industrial advanced productivity gathers at the main bases, and the formation of copper, aluminum, lead and zinc smelting is concentrated in areas with abundant resources and energy; the processing of copper and aluminum is mainly distributed in the industrial development pattern of the Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta and the Bohai Rim region, and regionalization The characteristics are obvious. China has successively built a number of copper mines and smelting bases in Jiangxi, Anhui, Yunnan, Gansu and Hubei; and built a number of alumina and electrolytic aluminum bases in Henan, Shanxi, Guizhou, Guangxi, Yunnan, Qinghai and Gansu; A number of lead-zinc mines and smelting bases have been built in Hunan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Gansu, Yunnan, Henan, etc.; two nickel bases have been built in Gansu and Jilin; two titanium bases have been built in Guizhou and Shaanxi... These industrial bases Become the main force leading the development of China's non-ferrous metals industry. Second, the adjustment of organizational structure of enterprises has been continuously promoted, and industrial concentration has been improved. In the past 10 years, with the leadership of China Aluminum Corporation, China National Mining Corporation and China Minmetals Corporation, a large number of non-ferrous metal production enterprises have been merged and reorganized. In 2010, China Aluminum Corporation's equity aluminum production exceeded 4 million tons, ranking first in the world's electrolytic aluminum production enterprises. China Minmetals became the world's largest tungsten and tantalum production and operation enterprise. Through large-scale mergers and acquisitions, the proportion of the top five companies in China's refined copper production in total production in 2011 reached 57%, accounting for 10% higher than that in 2001; the proportion of the top five enterprises in primary aluminum production reached the total output. 44%, the proportion increased by 20 percentage points compared with 2000; the top 5 enterprises in refined lead production accounted for 20% of the total output; the top 5 enterprises in zinc production accounted for 25% of the total output. The third is to eliminate the backward production capacity and achieve results, and promote the technological progress of the industry. By the end of 2011, China had eliminated the backward production capacity of copper smelting by 560,000 tons, and copper smelting has almost all adopted the current world advanced production technology. During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, China has eliminated nearly 800,000 tons of backward electrolytic aluminum production capacity. The domestically built or renovated and expanded electrolytic aluminum projects all use large-scale pre-baked electrolytic cell processes of 300 kA or more, and pre-baked electrolytic cells of 400 kA and above become The main selection of the new electrolytic aluminum plant. Some products have reached the world's advanced aluminum sheet and foil, large industrial aluminum profiles, precision copper tube foil, titanium rods, magnesium die castings and other products. The physical quality is close to or reaches the international advanced level. The structural adjustment of China's nonferrous industrial products has made important progress, and some new materials have been developed. The world's advanced level. In terms of the improvement of traditional materials, China has made a major upgrade to the material industry with new material technology; in the field of electronic information materials, advanced metal materials, battery materials, magnetic materials, high-performance ceramic materials and composite materials, The core industries of high-tech materials basically meet the needs of national defense construction, national economy and high-tech industry development. China's information materials have made rapid progress, and some research and development and production of key information materials with large usage and wide use have made great progress, and they have become major producers in some fields. In 2010, the production of silicon single crystal exceeded 1,000 tons; the 6-inch diameter SI-GaAs single crystal realized mass production. The key materials of nickel-metal hydride batteries and lithium batteries in China have formed an industrial chain from upstream products, raw material preparation, equipment manufacturing, battery processing and export trade, and downstream products. The production of new materials such as rare earth permanent magnets, rare earth luminescence, and rare earth grinding has entered the stage of independent innovation in China through tracking and learning abroad, and has realized large-scale industrial production. A number of independent intellectual property rights new material products with international advanced level have been developed. The quality of copper and aluminum processed products has improved significantly. At present, there are about 250 kinds of alloys and nearly one thousand varieties of copper processed materials in China. There are more than 300 kinds of alloys and more than 1,500 kinds of specifications for aluminum processing materials. It is one of the most abundant non-ferrous metal processing products in the world. Products manufactured according to international advanced standards, copper and copper alloy pipes for air conditioning, aluminum alloy profiles for construction and industrial use, aluminum foil and some copper, aluminum sheet and other products have reached the international advanced level, representing modern processing technology and applications. The mainstream direction. The quality of magnesium and titanium processed products has gradually improved. A large number of titanium products from the backbone titanium processing enterprises have obtained international fixed production certification and entered the world's large civilian passenger aircraft materials market. The processing level and product quality of China's magnesium alloy 3C products are at the advanced level in the world; the development of new magnesium alloys has progressed. The quality of rare metal smelting and processing products such as tungsten and molybdenum continues to improve. China has been able to produce a variety of systems, hundreds of grades of hard alloys, product quality stability has also been greatly improved; mass production of high-performance anti-seismic, shock-resistant and heat-resistant tungsten required by the national defense, aviation, transportation, electronics and other industries Silk, product quality has fully reached the advanced level in foreign countries. The level of technical equipment has been significantly improved over the past 10 years. Some production processes with independent intellectual property rights have been adopted. The level of technical equipment in China's non-ferrous metal industry has been significantly improved. In terms of aluminum smelting technology and equipment, China has independently developed the beneficiation Bayer method for the characteristics of domestic bauxite resources. Alumina production process and sand alumina production technology. The self-developed large-scale pre-baked electrolytic aluminum production technology is widely used in China. Most of the new construction and reconstruction projects use 300 kA and above troughs; independent innovation has developed the world's largest 400 kA aluminum electrolysis cell, marking China's aluminum electrolysis technology has been at the forefront of the world. At present, the capacity of aluminum electrolysis cells with a capacity of 160 kA and above in China is about 95%. The “New Cathode Structure Aluminum Electrolytic Cell Series Production Energy Saving Technology†has made a major breakthrough and is used in production. In terms of copper smelting technology and equipment, the world's second copper smelting “double flash furnace†was completed and put into production in China; the self-developed oxygen bottom blowing smelting multi-metal capture technology ranks the world leader in copper smelting technology. Promote applications in other companies. In the lead-zinc smelting technology and equipment, the oxygen-based bottom blowing-blast furnace lead-smelting technology (SKS) with independent intellectual property rights has been successful; the liquid high-lead slag direct reduction new process has been put into production. The world's advanced atmospheric oxygen-rich direct leaching zinc smelting process (with zinc leaching slag) and high-speed iron sulfide zinc sulfide concentrate leaching process with independent intellectual property rights are put into production. In the non-ferrous metal processing technology and equipment, the self-developed copper tube horizontal continuous casting tube blank-planet rolling-pulling technology has reached the world's leading level; the world's most advanced multi-stand aluminum strip hot strip rolling technology equipment and aluminum profiles have been introduced. Large-scale extruders have significantly improved the level of aluminum processing technology; the body structure of high-speed trains with a speed of 350 kilometers per hour has replaced imports. The energy consumption per unit of product continued to decline. Through technological progress and strengthening management, China's non-ferrous metal industry achieved important results in energy conservation and emission reduction and circular economy. The energy consumption per unit of product continued to decline. In 2011, the comprehensive AC consumption of domestic aluminum ingots was 13913 kWh per ton of aluminum. Compared with 2006, the output per ton of aluminum decreased by 784 kWh; the overall level is obviously better than the energy saving target of 14600 kWh per ton of aluminum proposed by the International Association of Primary Aluminum in 2010, compared with the average level of integrated AC power consumption of electrolytic aluminum in other countries in the world. It is about 1000 kWh per ton of aluminum. At present, the comprehensive utilization rate of “three wastes†in China's non-ferrous metal industry has reached more than 68%. Nearly one-third of the sulfuric acid products in the country are comprehensively recovered in the production process of non-ferrous metals; almost all domestic platinum and rare-earth products are derived from comprehensive utilization; The resource utilization rate has been increased to 60%, and the comprehensive utilization of output value and profits and taxes have accounted for about 10% of the industry. Breakthrough progress has been made in the production of alumina from high alumina fly ash. The scale of recycling of non-ferrous metals continues to expand. In 2011, the domestic production of recycled non-ferrous metals reached 8.35 million tons, an increase of 7.7% over the previous year. Among them, the output of recycled copper was 2.6 million tons, and the output of recycled aluminum was 4.4 million tons, up 8.3% and 10% respectively over the previous year; the output of recycled lead was 1.35 million tons, which was basically the same as the previous year.
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