At present, China's high-speed rail has become a national business card with a world-famous reputation. However, the survey found that China's high-speed rail, which is the “leading†of the overall technology and integration system, still has shortcomings in key equipment, cutting-edge technology and special materials, and its future development needs to continue to exert its strength.
Key areas need long-term tack
Relevant R&D and manufacturing team experts report that some components such as bearings, wheels, gear transmission systems, bogies, and some core components of high-speed trains still need to be imported. In addition, there are components such as special insulating paper, synthetic envelopes, hydraulic pumps, motors and hydraulic control valves, and they are also superior in quality or reliability.
The bogies of trains have strict requirements on steel. For example, in the welding process of some special steel plates, if domestic materials are selected, although they meet the various verification indexes, the stability and consistency after grinding are poor, and the durability is also good. insufficient.
In addition, the experimental verification conditions for new high-speed rail equipment in China are poor, and some new technologies and new equipment are difficult to trial on a large scale for a long time, which directly weakens the research and development capabilities. There are nearly 30,000 kilometers of high-speed rail in China, but there are only a handful of experimental orbital facilities, and there is no systematic certification environment.
"Small parts" rely on import potential constraints can not be underestimated
China can build the world's best high-speed trains, build the world's largest high-speed railway network, and have the ability to install and install on the road, but rely on foreign guns and guns on a few key technologies. In order to maintain technological superiority, Western companies often have reservations about export equipment and technology, which poses a potential constraint on the future development of China's high-speed rail. For example, some of the chip and board connections have been glued together with thick special adhesives, highlighting the technical retention of some foreign companies.
At the same time, with the large-scale orbital equipment going to the overseas market, the imported components in the equipment are likely to trigger patent disputes, and may fall into certain “IP trapsâ€. It is difficult for us to occupy an advantage in foreign legal proceedings. Faced with huge costs.
Under normal business contacts, importing small parts will only result in the sharing of “Made in China†profits, especially technical added value. What is worrying is that once certain factors have changed dramatically, or they have incurred price increases, restrictions or even “discontinued "After vicious competition, the relevant shortcomings will constitute a "strategic constraint" on the long-term and sustainable development of China's high-speed railway.
"High-speed rail strong base" must be brave in self-innovation
China's high-speed rail technology ranks among the top in the world, but within the advanced "Made in China" system, there are "short boards" in which some core technologies are controlled by foreign countries. The industry suggested that efforts should be made to focus on a number of short-boards in the fields of basic materials and key components, and to significantly improve the manufacturing level of basic processes and materials. At the same time, it will provide more trial production and application space for domestic equipment.
The government has played a “visible hand†role to regulate market blind spots. It is possible to co-ordinate research and related urgently needed production equipment within a certain scope, and carry out special scientific research and production support for large-scale equipment manufacturing enterprises with strong scientific research and production capacity in China.
At the same time, through the major science and technology projects to select multiple key areas, through the industrial guidance fund and other means to concentrate investment. Increase forward-looking research on technology “no-man's landâ€, actively carry out technical reserves, and encourage scientific research institutions to conduct research on technology trends in the next decade or even decades, propose ideas, and grasp the opportunities.
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