Due to the mechanical and regenerative requirements of drinking water treatment systems and the physicochemical properties of coal-based columnar activated carbon, some other properties must be considered when using coal-based columnar activated carbon, including bulk density, hardness and wear values, chemical reactivity, ash and Ash composition. These characteristics vary depending on the activated carbon materials (coal, wood and coconut shell).
The bulk density of coal-based columnar activated carbon affects the efficiency of backwashing, thermal regeneration yield and product quantity, based on the weight per unit volume of the granular activated carbon filter. High bulk density activated carbon can withstand faster backwashing flow rates, and the thermal regeneration process has greater flexibility; that is, there are more activated carbon products per unit volume, so the product has a longer life for products with the same adsorption capacity.
Activated carbon with high hardness values ​​and wear values ​​has a lower loss during processing, backwashing, transportation and thermal regeneration (high regeneration rate) (ie activated carbon powder).
Low chemical activity is important for high temperature thermal reworkability, which reduces the number of supplements and saves costs. The ash and ash composition determines the safe use of the product.
In order to further remove pollutants, especially organic matter, from the municipal sewage treatment water, the activated carbon treatment method is very effective. The economics of the activated carbon adsorption method depend on factors such as the treatment volume of the treatment system, the depth of purification, the characteristics of the process, the nature and amount of the adsorbent, and the method of growth. The research results of various adsorption and purification methods for municipal sewage show that the biophysical purification process of activated carbon and the separate physical-chemical purification process are the most promising.
Introduction of physical properties of coconut shell activated carbon:
Coconut shell activated carbon is a multi-pore carbonized material with a very rich pore structure and good adsorption characteristics. Its adsorption is made by physical and chemical absorption, and its appearance is black.
In addition to the main carbon, its composition contains a small amount of hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and its structure looks like a hexagon. Due to the irregular hexagonal structure, it is determined by its large body and high surface area. The characteristics of each gram of activated carbon have a specific surface equivalent to 1000 square meters.
The micropores of activated carbon can be divided into intergranular pores formed between graphite microcrystalline layers and intergranular pores formed between graphite crystallites. These pore sizes are in nanometer order, so some scholars call it nanopore space due to adjacent pores. The superposition of the wall adsorption potentials makes the micro-å‘L have a large adsorption potential, and has a strong adsorption capacity for low-concentration pollutants in the gas phase, so that the adsorbate molecules are separated from the phase into the micropores, forming a pore in the micropores. High pressure environment. Adsorbed molecules in this state. There is a big difference in the molecular properties of the bulk phase. For example, in the micropores, the adsorbate molecules cannot form a continuous liquid surface, but exist in the form of molecular clusters; many require high pressure on non-microporous materials to occur. The reaction can be carried out in the micropores. The ratio of the pore diameter to the adsorbent molecular diameter of the highest adsorbent is 1.7 to 3. The ratio of the adsorbent requiring repeated regeneration is 3-6 or higher. The pore volume that such adsorbate molecules can enter and fill is referred to as the effective pore volume. For different adsorbates, the pore size distribution corresponding to the effective pore volume is different.
The activated carbon method is used to remove SO2 from the exhaust gas. It is a desulfurization technology developed in the 1970s. Compared with traditional desulfurization technology, carbon flue gas desulfurization technology has many advantages:
(1) During the operation, it is not necessary to add desulfurizing agent to the system at any time, and the desulfurizing agent is less consumed. In addition, the desulfurizing agent can be regenerated by washing or heating to achieve recycling, which is beneficial to saving raw materials and reducing operating costs;
(2) The desulfurization product can be recovered in the form of sulfuric acid, sulfur, etc., to some extent, alleviating the pressure of demand for sulfuric acid products in China:
(3) The equipment is relatively small, the process is relatively simple and easy to operate; (4) There is no secondary pollution problem. Despite this, there are some shortcomings in carbon flue gas desulfurization:
(1) Ordinary industrial activated carbon has limited adsorption capacity for sulfur dioxide, generally only 2%, resulting in huge equipment and frequent regeneration.
(2) There are many disadvantages in the previous regeneration methods. The washing and regeneration is not complete, and the heating and regeneration consumes activated carbon, resulting in waste, which is another factor that restricts the development of carbon desulfurization technology;
(3) By-product sulfuric acid has a low concentration and is difficult to concentrate. Therefore, how to make profits and disadvantages make the carbon flue gas desulfurization technology mature and industrialized is a common problem facing all countries in the world in the future.
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