1 question raised
With the gradual upgrading of the tool system and the requirements for the mechanical environment, the current international all-round short-cone modular tool system is becoming popular. The system has occupied the commanding height of the modular tool system with high positioning accuracy, reliable balance performance and good rigidity and toughness, and has greatly replaced the 7:24 taper shank. Because the 7:24 taper shank is completely positioned by the cone surface, and the volume is large, the rotation speed is low, and the repeated tool change time is long, it is far from being able to adapt to the processing of high-precision products. At present, many tool manufacturers in the world have introduced the all-round short-cone modular tool system: in 1987, Kennametal of the United States and Widia of Germany jointly developed the "1:10 short-cone KM module tool system", and proposed the end face and taper double positioning for the first time. principle. Subsequently, Sweden's Sandvik Company proposed the "Triangular Round Short Cone CAPTO Tool System", and Germany officially promulgated the DIN69893 standard in 1993, which is the HSK tool handle standard, which is basically similar to the KM system. Several systems complement each other and create a heat wave in the tool industry.
2 Working principle
KM, HSK and CAPTO systems are divided into manual and mobile. They use the double-coupling principle, that is, under the action of sufficient tension, the short taper shank produces a certain elastic deformation and cooperates with the tapered surface to achieve the taper shoulder. The end face and the taper face are double-positioned, and the working principle is different because of the different structures of the two.
(a) the nail is fastened from the back
(b) End face fastening
(c) Tie rod operating expansion sleeve fastening
CAPTO system
There are three ways to clamp. The first method is applicable to the rotary cutter used on the machining center. The center of the cutter is used to fasten the cutting head module in the back. See Figure 1(a); the second method is fastened from the end face. The cutting head module; the third method is to use a tie rod to press an expansion sleeve into the inner groove of the tool to form a firm connection, suitable for turning and rotating tools for lathes.
(a) Steel ball locking mechanism
(b) circlip locking mechanism
KM, HSK system
The first KM structure, the clamping unit uses a locking ball rolling system. By rotating the torque screw rod to move in the radial direction, the ball is pushed into the rolling unit raceway, the raceway has a 35° cone, and the steel ball drives the cutting unit along the cone to move to the clamping unit, and the press fit is pressed. , to achieve dual positioning. The second HSK structure adopts a circlip mechanism and a rotating rivet, and the movement of the guide sleeve causes deformation of the circlip to achieve dual positioning. The motorized locking eliminates the need for a wrench. The fully automatic quick change tool system has the processing capability of tool storage. By activating the signal of the machine control system, the tool can be quickly changed.
3 Features
Same point
The taper of the 7:24 taper shank with small taper is larger than that of the short taper. The taper shank with small taper is easy to process and its positioning performance is good.
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